1. How technological advancement challengs human beings? Causes? Consequences? Solutions ?

Technology advancements not just challenge us, but they change the way we work and live.

Take the simple example of the olden days when we needed to communicate with relatives or friends where we place a long distance call through a telephone operator and nowadays where we simply launch skype or whats app and can do a video call seeing them face to face.

Look at doctors working in hospitals or complicated surgery's. Doctors nowadays can offer advice to patients that are remote, or even specialist advice to doctors that are remote. At the flick of a button, doctors can bring up patient records, etc. Look at the advancements in robotic surgery as an example.

The benefits in my opinion with technology advancements significantly improve our way of life.

First off, remember that "technology" is just a catch-all name for the knowledge and principles that humans have created or discovered to solve problems. So this applies to everything for math and physics to music, cooking and getting along with others. That being said, every technology -- in every category including those listed -- can have good effects and bad effects, simply because nothing is, in general, perfect. Everything can be misused. Unintended consequences is the major reason for learning from history. We don't have immortal memories, so the best we can do is learn from the experiences of others. Fortunately, we have amazing communication and information access today, particularly in the form of the internet. Those that refuse, for one reason or another, to learn from that are at a much higher risk of causing harm with their "good intentions". So the solution is for each of us to learn from others experience. In a world where we are all so interconnected, it's very hard to do anything in isolation. We'll almost always effect others with our decisions. So we have more responsibility than ever to learn from others and from the past, and less excuse than ever not to.

Given the wide scope of "technological advancement", I'm going to answer broadly to your questions as well.

1. Improvements in technology due to accidents (ex: the discovery of penicilin) are few and far in between. At a high level, technological advancements usually come about based on necessity - someone looking for an answer to a question. So tech improvements generally contribute to REDUCING the challenges faced by human beings.
2. Having said the above, most leaps in science, bring about foreseen and unforeseen challenges.

For example: Social media

Causes: A need to keep in touch, stay abreast with family and friends that are remote, have a sense of living in society despite all of us feeling different levels of isolation in our pursuit of career

Foreseen consequences: A lot of people posting about themselves in public, this would have never happened in the past without a MySpace or Facebook. Privacy becomes an issue when large companies have access to a lot of our personal data, so on and so forth...

Unforseen consequences: News now comes from Facebook for a lot of people and due to citizen journalism - the news travels faster but can also be fake. Companies like Facebook have ran experiments where they discovered that "providing" good and bad posts affected people's moods significantly.

Solution: One potential answer is to view the adoption of new technologies with an Ethics lens. A board of ethics will help us be better prepared to deal with unforeseen fallout. Recently cloning and STEM cell research has had a lot of ethical approval processes tied to it - we may as a society have to transfer some of those practices to AI and Machine Learning as well