Besides a Master’s in Philosophy, what can help me become a University Philosophy teacher?

A Ph.D. will definitely be essential for faculty positions at four-year colleges and universities. You can, however, find faculty positions with a M.A. at two-year colleges, though not all will offer philosophy courses.

Check out the American Philosophical Association at https://www.apaonline.org/ to explore job postings and other information about pursuing a career in this field.

Good luck!

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Obtain a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts. It is not necessary to major in philosophy, but you should take at least some philosophy courses as an undergraduate. Such courses will give you helpful substantive grounding in the field and knowledge of the areas of philosophy that will help you choose a graduate program that fits your interests.

Enter a PhD of Philosophy program. Most programs in the United States do not require a Master's degree, allowing you to skip the time and expense of obtaining one if you are certain you want to be a Professor of Philosophy. Choose a department with professors who share your areas of interest. Remember that you will need to form a dissertation committee and your dissertation process will be most successful if both you and your advisers are enthusiastic about the project.

Attend professional conferences early and often. Participate as a discussant or otherwise volunteer. This can get you into the conference at reduced cost and bring you to the attention of people who may one day be on the hiring committee looking at your CV. Start presenting as early as possible, even if you only have a poster or attend PhD colloquiums to network with your peers. Networking will bring you together with people you can collaborate with later and, again, get you known in your field.

Publish as often as possible during your graduate career and remember that articles in peer reviewed journals count for more than non-peer reviewed articles. Publishing with your adviser is good but also try to publish at least one paper solo or with a fellow graduate student as your co-author. Publications will greatly improve the impact of your CV at job application time.

Apply for any grants you are eligible for. Even if you don't get the grant, having experience in applying is valuable for your CV. Showing that you are a type of applicant who is more likely to bring grant money into your department will increase your appeal as a job candidate.

Complete your PhD and enter the job market. Ask your adviser to keep a watch for jobs that you would be a good fit for; professors often hear about job openings before they are publicly advertised. Update your CV and prepare your job talk carefully. If you make it through the first round of a job application, you will travel to the college for a day of interviews and a job talk. Research the department you are applying at and practice your job talk before the visit.