How can I as a young writer get my work published or acknowledged?

I think any practice at writing that you can manage would help you. It's very hard to get published and noticed by a lot of the traditional venues, but you can start smaller and build both your audience and your skills. Start a blog and send a link to it to all your friends. See if there's any local newspapers, magazines or other publications (print or online) that might want to give out assignments or need stories written. You can also look online for writing groups and clubs, and build your skills with other writers. Most important thing is to keep writing. Keep an idea notebook handy, and also keep stories/ideas/characters on your mind.

David had some good suggestions and I just want to add a few bits. Depending on what you want to write and how you want to be acknowledged will influence your path forward. I've only gone through non-traditional methods of self-publishing, but getting published in that sense isn't hard at all. Anyone who is willing to put in the time to set up a blog, or to format a manuscript can be published. Getting acknowledged is much harder for that reason, however.

The main reason that people are noticed is because they become known as an expert in their field. And the easiest way to do that...is to become an expert in your field. For writing, that would mean consistently writing, hundreds of words a day, to better your craft. it also means writing in whatever means is comfortable for you to reach even a small audience. That could be a blog, or freelancing for a website or small paper. Whatever gets your name out there and shows your work is going to be very important. And finally network and connect with others who share in your passion, but also might be in different fields. It's not about what you can get from them, in fact I would go out of your way to help them, but it's next to impossible for someone to be 'found' if only their friends and a few others know who they are.

And the last thing I would add is to really be specific about your goals. If you're looking to have a script turned into a movie, what kind of movie? Major Motion Picture? Independent? Feature Length? Short Film? These choices will guide your decision process and influence the path you go to get there.

Best of luck.